Media and Culture

Table of Contents Abstract Introduction Forms of media manipulation Conclusion Works Cited Abstract Media is a very powerful tool in any society and has the power to influence the public’s decision on important and sometimes very contentious issues. However, of late, the media has resorted to manipulating facts for its own good and that of various powerful persons or entities. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Media and Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Media manipulation occurs all over the world has left everybody confused and helpless because no one can judge whether what is being reported is true or not. The media is taking advantage of the people’s trust in them by hiding and covering the most important news from them and this is unrepresentative and misleading the public on very important issues. The media seems to be the most essential source of information and news but people shoul d choose what to believe and what not to believe. The objective of this paper is to discuss the methods the media use to manipulate facts and what can be done to stop this manipulation by implementing laws that should govern the media. The media should stop being controlled by powerful elites. Media manipulation should be an offence that is punishable by the law so that integrity can once again prevail in the media industry. Introduction Media is the main source of information on news happening in an area, country, and in the international scene. However, many people have repeatedly mentioned that the media manipulates the information it obtains before availing it to their audience. Media manipulation can have many definitions, however, it can generally be defined as the act of making a news item favor a particular interest. It can also be defined as the suppression and omission of information by making the audience to believe or not to believe a story or deviating the audienceâ⠂¬â„¢s attention on another story instead of the issue at hand. Media manipulation is a powerful tool that is being used by contemporary media organizations to deceive the public and it is very unfortunate that the people with money and who own power are the people controlling the media. Most people in the media industry have constantly claimed that media manipulation of news is inevitable and that most of the perceived manipulations result from human faults, working under deadlines, insufficient printing space, limited financial resources, and the challenge of summarizing a long intricate complex news item into an abridged simple report. I differ with these excuses and instead argue that these are deliberate attempts to hide the truth from the public and if urgent and precarious measures are not put into place, it may reach unmanageable levels. Although the press has to be selective of what it airs, this does not give them an opportunity to favor other people or distort the truth. Media companies have been known to favor large corporations and wealthy people (Kuyper, 25). The problem is so rampant that it has become difficult to depend on any single media company for political, social and economic information. Media manipulation is being carried out mainly in three ways: distortion, concealing information and deceit (O’Shaughnessy Staedler, 114).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Forms of media manipulation The media can persuade the public to buy certain products claiming that they are better than for their competitors through advertisements yet they know the products are not good, vote for particular political figures and even to support some courses yet they are sure that the course is not worthy and the political figures are not worthy of election. Their main aim is to sell the idea, product or publicize the public figure even if it means brai nwashing the public without caring about the needs of their audience and I suggest this should be declared punishable by the law. Distraction is another way the media manipulates facts. This can occur either through distraction by a phenomenon whereby the public is distracted from a very important subject at hand as was seen when the media tried to divert the public’s attention form the Clinton-Lewinsky affair by putting news regarding military attacks in Sudan and Afghanistan to the fore. Distraction can also occur through fear mongering whereby citizens are frightened if they engage in or do not engage in a certain act, a tragic end might result. For example, the media might try to coerce the public into voting for certain bills, claiming that failure to vote for such bills might lead to certain economic implications. The media has also been known to provide only a one sided story that favors certain interests. Most of the journalists tend to ignore the fact that there are always two sides to every contentious issue and base most of their stories on one side. They will always cover the one side of the story and make sure that their side is well represented (Wentworth, 116). Biasness is a common strategy used by the media to manipulate facts. This occurs when the media opts to support, favor or attack an individual, political party, religion, a particular race, ethnic group or an idea. Other forms of media bias are advertising bias whereby stories are chosen to please the advertisers and mainstream bias where they avoid what should be reported and report what others media companies are reporting. The media can also use biased polls that are misleading to support their positions and include them in news. For example, poll results may be skewed to favor certain persons or the research may not have been based on sound research methodologies. A final form of manipulation of facts occurs in the form of suppression and omission and this occurs when reporte rs deliberately omit some sections of their reports. The media can even lie about some issues or twist the stories that they are fully aware and claim not to have heard of such news.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Media and Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion Instead of the media being a people centered institution, it has become a vehicle to distract people’s attention away from major issues and it is becoming more and more biased. Strict laws should be enacted to return honesty back into the news that are aired and read all over the world for most media outlets cannot be counted on to give true information and to provide unbiased argument of issues. The explanation that news bias is unavoidable should not apply here, our media should exercise honesty and give the right information to the public otherwise their competence cannot be approved as they are always misleading the masses. We a re not puppets in the hands of the media, instead of playing its role in informing the people what is going on, it has become a means of mass manipulation and we should build immunity to manipulation. Works Cited Kuyper, Jim A. Press Bias and politics. Westport: Praeger, 2002. Print. O’Shaughnessy, Michael Staedler, Jane. Media and Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008. Print. Wentworth, Willium M. Production of Culture in the Mass media. NewYork City: Allyn Bacon, 1998. Print This essay on Media and Culture was written and submitted by user Colton Harrison to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Thoughts on Extrajudicial Killings and Unexplained Essays - Crime

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Thrift's Notion of Fast Subjectivity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Thrift's Notion of Fast Subjectivity - Essay Example As a result, it leads to improved performance in the work place (Adler, 2007). Adler illustrates that once the organization culture has been established it influences individuals’ performance in terms of their perceptions, attitudes, and how they perform within the organization. It also guides the selection of suitable items that can be used in the improvement of work within the organization. To understand organizational culture, it is important to note that culture is not an attribute of a personality who has the same education, and life experiences (Armstrong, 2006). Research indicates that most HR management around the world experience different cultural practices within the organization that can influence organizational management (Sonja &Philips, 2004). Individualism and collectivism refers to the way people interact within an organization and how they relate in order to, improve organizational performance. Motivation is grouped into three dimensions; masculinity and femi ninity amount of uncertainty, power distance and avoidance. Masculinity and femininity refer to the distribution of roles in terms of gender, a factor that has caused a myriad of problems within the society. Women tend to be attracted to social relationships, while the male are more attached to ego goals and acquisition of money and property, and masculinity stands for a society in which the male are the dominant members in terms of their roles. Arthur, (2004) argues that, femininity, on the other hand, stands for the gender roles that overlap each other. HRM is an explanation for humans who are Homo sapiens while, social animal’s recourses stand for human physical financial and technical information (Black, 2002). Management stands for functions of planning, organizational planning and management of organizational available resources. Human resources plan is a systematic process that, ensures that the staff is organized in such a manner that, they are grouped in terms of tal ent and capabilities. Human resource management is the term used to elaborate official systems constructed for the management of people within an organization. HRM responsibilities are generally divided into three areas of management; staffing, employee compensation, and defining and designing work within the organization. Green (2009) indicates that the purpose of HRM is to improve on the productivity of an organization by considering the effectiveness of its employees. Within an organization, the main role of HRM is to improve the staff members productive contribution to the organization in such a way that it is more productive and strategic, ethically, and socially responsible. In an organization, human resource management planning includes all the plans organized by the HRM. The plans ensures that the organization does have sufficient staff members who are qualified, and do perform their duties well to improve performance in the organization. There are five phases of HRM plannin g system. They include designing the management systems, conducting situational analysis, focus on demand, analysis supply, and lastly reconciliation and further planning in the organization (Johnston, 2006). According to Edward & Gubman (2006) as observed in the Journal of Business Strategy, the basic role of human resources is to acquire, develop, and maintain talent. They also align the

Genres Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Genres - Essay Example The other type is the narrative genre in which the type of plan or scheme is defined. The types of the narrative genre are comedy, tragedy, satire and romance. Here are the few examples of genres that are used in literature. Informational genre is aimed for teaching and other informational purposes rather than entertainment. Examples include The Reasons for Seasons, Lightening etc. Realistic genre is based on reality or gives illustration about things in literature or art as they really are. Examples include Drawing Lessons, Plain and Tall etc. Fantasy is an imaginative genre and is used especially when one dealing with unnatural or mystical characters or proceedings. Examples include The Book of Three, The Dark Is Rising etc. (Routman,2005) The study of genre has following advantages as it helps to categorize literature in a means that make it easy to understand the distinctive characteristics. This can help in relating different works of literature and offer a basis in evaluating

The Law and Punishment in 1800s Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Law and Punishment in 1800s - Essay Example Felonies were the most common crimes and they attracted a severe punishment than the minor offences. Felonies were either clergyable or non-clergyable . The difference between clergyable and non-clergyable felonies was based on the fact whether the offenders could claim the benefit of clergy or not . The clergy benefited ministers accused of criminal capital offences. The laws required them to be charged by the church, which many a time did not impose capital punishment. Whereas this rule was primarily intended for the clerics, in the later years it was interpreted to include the people who could read and write. However, the courts that were based on church doctrines could not deal with serious crimes like manslaughter. Once accused of a felony the defendants could plead guilty imprisoned for one year and send home rather than killed by hanging which was the case in the most crimes . Initially, the Tudor stature provided the offenders who pleaded clergy committed to one-year incarcer ation and left but this was rarely followed in 1800 . In addition, the offenders were only required to plead clergy once after which they were not eligible to plead clergy again. During the first plead, they could be branded on the thumb as a warning not to repeat the crime and sent home. However, the subsequent crimes were punishable. Thus, the offenders with clergyable offence only got two types of punishments in the first case, the thumb sign and or fine to cover the expenses of the case .

Data Collection and Analysis of Sports Games

Data Collection and Analysis of Sports Games Statement of task As gowning up I was always around sports, for that fact always around many different sports, and one thing that I noticed in each sport is that the interaction, passion, and the interrelations that the fans have with the players. This relation between the players and the fans, many times causes the turnout of the game, which it has. Whether its soccer or football, American or African, males or females, no matter what sport it is all of the games can be determined by how the fan are. Different types of fans react differently in a game, like a hockey fans are mostly angry in nature who cause riots if the game does not go the way they want it to, when a tennis player does not do as well as hoped, there fan will obviously react in a different way. In Europe, they are big soccer or football as they call it there fans, during a game of soccer, if a riots breaks out they have to stop the game completely for the safety of the players and the fans, sometimes these riots last for days†¦ t he understanding of these fans can tell you how the game or even the series will end. Data Collection In sports there are many different ways to measure how the games will end up, whether your then wins or not, or is going to end up like. One can never tell how the fans are going to act; they can do and will do anything to see a good game. They do a lot of things, just to see their team win. They, the fans, have done many crazy things, like kidnapped a player so he couldnt make it to the game, for threaten the player physically or physiologically to get into the players head. The players always get energy form the fans and how each one of them has the courage to stand up for what they come to see, see their team win†¦ This is one of the greatest comeback in soccer history†¦ The comeback may be the most thrilling event in sports. One team or player is left for dead, done, kaput, down too many points or games to come back. We are rational beings. We like to believe what we see, that when a game looks over, it is indeed over. But the comeback, the one done against all odds, speaks to our irrational, dreamy side. It makes us realize that against all odds, great things can happen. They came back for 4 down in the 80th minute and won the match. In base ball the fans are tend to be always fun and interactive with the players. Sometimes a great comeback is spurred by a single moment. Take, for instance, the 2004 Boston Red Sox. In the American League Championship Series, the Red Sox found themselves down 0-3 to the New York Yankees. They had been pummeled 19-8 in Game 3. History was not on their side: No baseball team had ever come back to win a series after falling behind 0-3. And there was that little matter of a certain curse that shadowed the club. In the last game they were down 4-3 and they with the help to the fans the player found a new motive to bet the Yankees and bet them they shall, because after that the Sox went on to win in extra innings, then won the next three games, completing the single biggest comeback in baseball playoff history. In the World Series, they swept the St. Louis Cardinals to end an 86-year championship drought. There was the 2004 ALCS when the Red Sox rallied against the Yankees to become the first team to ever overcome losing the first three games of a postseason series. Here are some of the other comebacks which were inspired by the fans for them to win the 1999 US Ryder Cup team; 2005 Champions League winner Liverpool FC; golfer Karrie Webb; tennis player Ivan Lendl; basketballs Duke Blue Devils and Boston Celtics; and hockeys Toronto Maple Leafs. DATA ANALYSIS cs shows that soccer games, 40 percent of the time the games are won form a comeback win. In football about 25% of the games are won from come from behind victories. Most people when won or lose the game blame the most important player on the team, which may or may not be the quarterback, although it is the fans that never give on their team, it is the fans that get people back in to the game, it is the fans the control the game. 35 percent of basketball games are won from comeback victories. 45 percent of the games are come back games in baseball. Six times in the previous 114 World Series has a team rallied from a 3-1 deficit to win a World Series, and a team has overcome a 3-1 deficit in six of the 48 LCS that have been played since it was expanded from a best-of-5 to a best-of-7 in 1985. Evaluate For every game that has been ever been played, more than one third has been won with the help and support of the fans in the stadium. One of the important factors that affect the betting odds at football betting is the Home and Away wins. If you have a look at the statistics, you will find that around half of the total matches are home wins, the other quarter matches are draws and the remaining quarter are away wins. These statistics are very much same for all the football leagues around the world. Thus, this fact backs that a home team has a better advantage over the away team. This is not just for football but every sport out there such as, soccer, baseball, even basketball its all the same. There are many reasons for a home team to have advantage over the away team. One reason is the presence of the home crowd. The shouting and cheering of the home crowd really motivates the players, as well as make them play harder to win. On the other hand, the away team always has tremendous pressure, when playing away from home. In such situations, the away team tends to create mistakes, while playing. In any game these days, you will always find that the home team is always the favorite before the start of the game and accordingly the odds are decided. After the kick-offs of any sport, the odds change depending on the situation of the game. In case the home team scores the first goal, home run, or basket, the odds change in the favor of the home team. In other words, if you wish to place a bet on the home team, there are chances that you may win it, since the home team is the favorite and on top of that, it has scored the first goal, home run, or basket also. Without any doubts the winning teams are the favorites to win no matter, if it is a home or away match or team.

Who Is To Blame For Our Actions :: essays research papers

Assumption of Risk: Who is to Blame For Our Actions The doctrine of "assumption of risk" clearly defines the responsibility of all voluntary actions taken on by individuals, independent of the inherent risk or danger involved with such actions. Are we only to assume responsibility for the positive outcomes of our actions, without also accepting the negative outcomes as well? Most individuals only claim responsibility in cases in which they are fully responsible for their actions. Living within a country which houses a large amount of private enterprise, we often find ourselves relying on outside help. In many occasions we, the individual seeking assistance, hold the power to choose which avenue of help will be taken. In these cases in which we have the choice, should we not also be held responsible for the outcomes of our decisions, especially in cases in which we have been pre-warned about any inherent risks or dangers? For example, When we take it upon ourselves to drive on a private road, smoke cigarettes, work for a mining company, or fly on a discount airline at our own volition, do we tacitly consent to take responsibility for any outcome these actions may hold? The "assumption of risk" doctrine seems to ignore the fundamental obligation of entities to ensure their natural goals. The distinguishing factor in deciding responsibility in faultless cases which call on the "assumption of risk" doctrine is the control held by individuals after the situation has begun. In accordance, companies such as discount airlines and cigarette companies must take on the responsibility of completing their duties, while individuals who chose to work in a mine or drive on a private road must accept the responsibility of their actions to do so. All airlines hold the responsibility of transporting their customers from a point of origin to a previously designated destination. The person who agrees to buy a discount airline ticket, which warns to "fly at your own risk," is entitled to receive the minimum service of transportation provided by the airline. The individual traveler should assume no other benefits other than transportation. The airline company claims this act of transportation to be its goal of services rendered. Independent of difficulties which may arise in completing this goal, the airline may not alter the basic duty which it is contractually obligated to perform. The airline tacitly consented to perform this basic duty the moment they began transporting individuals for an accepted payment. Once an individual has boarded the airplane they render all control over their safety to the accepting airline which holds the minimum responsibility of returning the individual back to a state of safety once their